Unfortunately, natural disasters and manmade disasters followed one after another.
Since the beginning of 2020, the pandemic has raged, dealing a heavy blow to the global economy, and Syria is naturally no exception.
The second is manmade disaster.
In June 2020, the Caesar Syria Civilian Protection Law officially came into effect, preventing foreign investors from participating in Syria's reconstruction.
Due to natural disasters and manmade disasters, Syria lost almost usa phone number list all its financial revenue.
In 2020, Syria's nominal GDP plummeted by 17.8% yearonyear, and per capita GDP fell again by about 7%; the food crisis broke out again, and the inflation rate soared to 87.7%, even exceeding that in 2013.
Exports fell to US$1.81 billion, only 14.8% of 2010; foreign exchange reserves were only US$390 million, only 0.2% of 2010...
Faced with this situation, how did the Assad government survive until this year?
According to the United Nations "World Investment Report 2023", despite heavy blockades, Syria's foreign direct investment stock in 2022 will still be US$10.7 billion.
Among them, 75.8% of the funds came from Russia, mainly flowing into the power, telecommunications and financial industries.
But after 2022, Russia itself was mired in the Ukrainian war and its finances were stretched; in , the total amount of the two loans provided by Russia to Syria dropped to US$1 billion.