Intimacy
When objects are close to each other, we perceive them as a single group, regardless of their shape, color, or size. For example, a word is nothing more than a combination of closely spaced letters. This principle is also relevant for UX design, especially in cases where it is necessary to show the relatedness of elements:
title and subtitle;
text and an image (or several images related to the same topic);
text and call to action buttons;
menu items that are included in one section.
The proximity principle is designed to facilitate the perception of large volumes of visual information. For example, it can be used to design the "Question - Answer" section or pages with long text. Grouping is a good idea when the user is asked to fill in too many fields. Let's recall Miller's law, according to which we can simultaneously take in only a few objects (about 7 ± 2). To facilitate perception, it is recommended to arrange fields in groups of 4-5 pieces.
At the same time, it is better to avoid grouping some elements. For example, placing the “Save”, “Delete” and “Add” buttons next to each other would not be the best solution – such vietnam whatsapp number proximity will only confuse the site visitor.
General areas
The principle we discussed above concerned closely located elements. The brain perceives them as a group. However, sometimes there is a need to separate individual parts of a single whole, for example, into a subgroup. And in such a case, such a postulate of gestalt in design as the principle of common areas comes to the rescue: elements can be assigned to a separate group if they are visually united with each other (using a different color, underlining, frame, etc.).
Gestalt in Design – Similarity
If objects are not in close proximity to each other, they can still be classified as related, following the principle of similarity. The main thing is that they have some feature in common: color, size, shape, etc. For example, by similarity, we choose a certain image for ourselves, taking certain wardrobe items out of the closet: first we select the desired shirt, then trousers, and finally a jacket. For each item of clothing, we “read” only related representatives, i.e. we will look for a shirt among shirts, and not in the section of the closet with jackets. Most people have practically brought such actions to automatism.
The principle of similarity also works in the interfaces of selling sites. We can always show that element A is related to element B , even if they are located far from each other. To do this, you just need to think of a highlight that is suitable for each specific case. Articles devoted to one topic can be outlined in a certain color. For the visitor, such a highlight will serve as a sign that he is looking at related content.
It is interesting that the principle of similarity also has the opposite effect if in a single array of data any element is highlighted in a different color, i.e. emphasized as being as different as possible from the others.
Gestalt in the design of a selling website Miller's law
General direction
There is an even stronger sign that unites elements than color, shape or size. It is movement, and not only literal, but also visual. Objects that can be said to be moving will always stand out among the motionless. The effect is greatly enhanced in the case of synchronization in direction and speed.
The principle of general direction in web design is usually used when creating functional animation (for example, when scrolling to highlight specific parts of the text), as well as